C O N T E X T 1 3 4 : M A Y 2 0 1 4 35 DARREN McLEAN Repairing wooden windows With some modest attention a wooden window can last almost forever. The process of careful repair starts with inspecting the window and understanding the materials. Wooden windows require complete replacement about every 10 years on average. So I have been told on more than one occasion. Apart from being untrue, this statement demonstrates one of many misconceptions regarding the potential longevity of wooden windows and their almost infinite ability to be repaired. Many problematic windows simply require modest attention to make them again functional and pleasant to use. Before any repairs are undertaken a thorough window inspection should be performed. Create a simple checklist and record each window’s condition using a scoring system for all parts and functions. For example, use a score of between 0 and 10,with 10 being like new, through to 1, for very poor condition. Reserve 0 for missing or completely non-functioning components. Note relevant points, for example, broken, unpainted, missing or water-damaged components. Seemingly robust windows may be more paint than wood, crumbling under the slightest pressure; distressed-looking windows may require simple cosmetic repairs to be made good. Undertake the assessment to both the internal and external faces wherever practical.A comprehensive checklist is very helpful when determining necessary works. Either directly or indirectly, water is the most common threat to the longevity of wooden windows. Damage is typically caused by rainwater entering past missing paint, cracked putty, and between failed mastic or pointing. Cold windows encourage condensation to form on panes, pooling on window rails and window bars, lifting paint and accelerating decay. Too little paint invariably allows moisture and UV damage to the wood.Toomuch paint prevents the window from functioning correctly.When applied too thin, paint does not last, and too thick, or not allowing enough time between coats, will cause problems such as flaking and orange-peel wrinkling. Broken paint allows the entry of moisture, creating reservoirs of damp between paint and wood. Poorly prepared work is doomed to fail. Pay attention to the window’s surroundings, looking for external influences which may be encouraging deterioration. Missing roof tiles or slates, leaking gutters, eroded lime or inappropriate cement pointing to nearby masonry all encourage water ingress and wood decay. Standing some distance from the building will help to read tell-tale signs such as discolouration of masonry due to water staining and organic growth. Repairs to a window are of limited use if external problems are not also resolved. Building materials and products readily available in the past can differ considerably to those available today. When replacing wooden components there is a far greater likelihood of long-term success when new wood reacts in response to humidity and temperature changes in a very similar manner to that used originally. This is something frequently overlooked when specifying or performing repairs. Sand/cement stone repairs have failed, allowing water damage. Shrinkage Distortion Differences in grain can cause problems.
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